PHP中sprintf、printf等字符串格式化输出中的格式规则总结
2021-07-07 15:06
标签:text use mda key put 多少 ecif rac open sprintf、printf输出格式化字符串。 比如sprintf()的函数原型如下: string sprintf ( string 其中$format用于指定输出的字符串的格式。 进过总结$format遵守以下原型: %[n$][flags][width][.precision]specifier 其中: 本flag用来设置用来填充的符号。填充符号是为了是输出的字符串达到width指定的长度。默认的填充符是空格。标准的指定填充符的方式是:单引号+填充符,不过对于0作为填充符,即 可以使用标准定义,也可以直接申明。 PHP中sprintf、printf等字符串格式化输出中的格式规则总结 标签:text use mda key put 多少 ecif rac open 原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/jade640/p/7100656.html
$format
[, mixed $args
[, mixed $...
]] )
php
$num = 5;
$location = ‘tree‘;
$format = ‘The %2$s contains %1$d monkeys‘;
echo sprintf($format, $num, $location);
flag
描述
+
默认情况下,只有在数字为负数时,才会显示出符号位‘-’。如果数字为正数,则不显示符号位‘+’。本flag设置之后,不论数字为正或为负,都显示符号位。
‘sign 或者 0
-
本flag用来指明输出的结果是左对齐还是右对齐。缺省下是右对齐,申明本flag后,为左对齐。
php
echo sprintf ("|%+4d|%+4d|\n", 1, -1);
echo sprintf ("|%-4d|%-4d|\n", 1, -1);
echo sprintf ("|%+-4d|%+-4d|\n", 1, -1);
/*
outputs:
| +1| -1|
|1 |-1 |
|+1 |-1 |
*/
echo sprintf ("|%04d|\n", -2);
echo sprintf ("|%‘:4d|\n", -2);
echo sprintf ("|%-‘:4d|\n", -2);
/*
outputs:
|-002|
|::-2|
|-2::|
*/
php
$money = 123.1234;
echo sprintf("%.2f", $money); //123.1
php
$n = 43951789;
$u = -43951789;
$c = 65; // ASCII 65 is ‘A‘
// notice the double %%, this prints a literal ‘%‘ character
printf("%%b = ‘%b‘\n", $n); // binary representation
printf("%%c = ‘%c‘\n", $c); // print the ascii character, same as chr() function
printf("%%d = ‘%d‘\n", $n); // standard integer representation
printf("%%e = ‘%e‘\n", $n); // scientific notation
printf("%%u = ‘%u‘\n", $n); // unsigned integer representation of a positive integer
printf("%%u = ‘%u‘\n", $u); // unsigned integer representation of a negative integer
printf("%%f = ‘%f‘\n", $n); // floating point representation
printf("%%o = ‘%o‘\n", $n); // octal representation
printf("%%s = ‘%s‘\n", $n); // string representation
printf("%%x = ‘%x‘\n", $n); // hexadecimal representation (lower-case)
printf("%%X = ‘%X‘\n", $n); // hexadecimal representation (upper-case)
printf("%%+d = ‘%+d‘\n", $n); // sign specifier on a positive integer
printf("%%+d = ‘%+d‘\n", $u); // sign specifier on a negative integer
%b = ‘10100111101010011010101101‘
%c = ‘A‘
%d = ‘43951789‘
%e = ‘4.39518e+7‘
%u = ‘43951789‘
%u = ‘4251015507‘
%f = ‘43951789.000000‘
%o = ‘247523255‘
%s = ‘43951789‘
%x = ‘29ea6ad‘
%X = ‘29EA6AD‘
%+d = ‘+43951789‘
%+d = ‘-43951789‘
specifier
Output
Example
d
Signed decimal integer
392
u
Unsigned decimal integer
7235
o
Unsigned octal
610
x
Unsigned hexadecimal integer
7fa
X
Unsigned hexadecimal integer (uppercase)
7FA
f
Decimal floating point, lowercase
392.65
F
Decimal floating point, uppercase
392.65
e
Scientific notation (mantissa/exponent), lowercase
3.9265e+2
E
Scientific notation (mantissa/exponent), uppercase
3.9265E+2
g
Use the shortest representation: %e or %f
392.65
G
Use the shortest representation: %E or %F
392.65
c
the argument is treated as an integer, and presented as the character with that ASCII value
a
s
String of characters
sample
p
the argument is treated as an integer, and presented as a binary number
10100011
%
A % followed by another % character will write a single % to the stream.
%
注明:
本文主要参考官方文档:http://php.net/manual/en/function.sprintf.php 。并对文档进行了总结,以及对文档部分有偏差部分的纠正。不同处如下:
1. flags可以是无序的。并不像文档所说——需要按照固定的顺序。flags处的例子可以说明问题。(另外需要指出的是:填充符0和左对齐标志‘-’合用会产生意想不到的结果,见下面的例子)
echo sprintf ("|%-04d|\n", -2);
//输出: |-2 |
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