Python 字典dict使用介绍

2018-09-26 20:02

阅读:436

  Python字典的创建

方法一:

   >>> blank_dict = {} >>> product_dict = {MAC:8000,Iphone:5000, ipad:4000, mp3: 300} >>> product_dict {ipad: 4000, MAC: 8000, Iphone: 5000, mp3: 300} >>> blank_dict,product_dict ({}, {ipad: 4000, MAC: 8000, Iphone: 5000, mp3: 300})

  方法二:
从Python 2.2版本开始

   >>> fdict = dict(([

  方法三:
从Python 2.3版本开始, 可以用一个很方便的内建方法fromkeys() 来创建一个”默认”字典, 字典中元素具有相同的值 (如果没有给出, 默认为None):

   >>> fk_dict = {}.fromkeys((a,b),LinuxEye) >>> fk_dict {a: LinuxEye, b: LinuxEye} >>> fk2_dict = {}.fromkeys((yeho,python)) >>> fk2_dict {python: None, yeho: None} >>> fk3_dict = {}.fromkeys(yeho,python) >>> fk3_dict {y: python, h: python, e: python, o: python}

  Python字典查、增、删、改

   >>> product_dict = {MAC:8000,Iphone:5000, mp3: 300} >>> product_dict[Iphone] 5000 >>> product_dict[ipad] = 4000 #增 >>> product_dict {ipad: 4000, MAC: 8000, Iphone: 5000, mp3: 300} >>> product_dict.keys() #查看索引 [ipad, MAC, Iphone, mp3] >>> product_dict.values() #查看值 [4000, 8000, 5000, 300] >>> product_dict.items() [(ipad, 4000), (MAC, 8000), (Iphone, 5000), (mp3, 300)] >>> for product,price in product_dict.items(): ... print product,price ... ipad 4000 MAC 8000 Iphone 5000 mp3 300 >>> product_dict.has_key(Iphone) #判断key是否存在 True >>> product_dict.has_key(Itouch) False >>> product_dict.pop(MAC) #删除指定key和value 8000 >>> product_dict {ipad: 4000, Iphone: 5000, mp3: 300} >>> product_dict.popitem() #删除第一个key和value (ipad, 4000) >>> product_dict {Iphone: 5000, mp3: 300} >>> product_dict = {Iphone: 5000, mp3: 300} >>> del product_dict[Iphone] #用del函数删除指定key和value >>> product_dict {mp3: 300} >>> product_dict[mp3] = 299 #改 >>> product_dict {mp3: 299} >>> product_dict.clear() #清空字典内容(空字典) >>> product_dict {} >>> del product_dict #删除字典 >>> product_dict = {mp3: 300} >>> del product_dict #已删除报错 Traceback (most recent call last): File <stdin>, line 1, in <module> NameError: name product_dict is not defined


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