Python使用PyGreSQL操作PostgreSQL数据库教程

2018-09-24 21:32

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  PostgreSQL是一款功能强大的开源关系型数据库,本文使用python实现了对开源数据库PostgreSQL的常用操作,其开发过程简介如下:

  一、环境信息:

   1、操作系统:

   RedHat Enterprise Linux 4
Windows XP SP2

   2、数据库:

   PostgreSQL8.3

   3、 开发工具:

   Eclipse+Pydev+python2.6+PyGreSQL(提供pg模块)

   4、说明:

   a、PostgreSQL数据库运行于RedHat Linux上,Windows下也要安装pgAdmin(访问PostgreSQL服务器的客户端)。
b、PyGreSQL(即pg)模块下载路径及API手册:
PyGreSQL模块点此本站下载

  二、配置:

   1、将pgAdmin安装路径下以下子目录添加到系统环境变量中:

   E:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\8.3\lib

   E:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\8.3\bin

   2、将python安装目录C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages\pywin32_system32下的dll文件拷贝到C:\WINDOWS\system32

   3、说明:如果跳过以上两步,在import pg时将会报错,并且会浪费较长时间才能搞定。

  三、程序实现:

   #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- #导入日志及pg模块fig import pg #日志配置文件名 LOG_FILENAME = logging.conf #日志语句提示信息 LOG_CONTENT_NAME = pg_log def log_init(log_config_filename, logname): Function:日志模块初始化函数 Input:log_config_filename:日志配置文件名 lognmae:每条日志前的提示语句 Output: logger author: socrates date:2012-02-12 logging.config.fileConfig(log_config_filename) logger = logging.getLogger(logname) return logger def operate_postgre_tbl_product(): Function:操作pg数据库函数 Input:NONE Output: NONE author: socrates date:2012-02-12 pgdb_logger.debug(operate_postgre_tbl_product enter...) #连接数据库conntect postgre database(kevin_test) succ.) #删除表o(drop table(tbl_product3) succ.) #创建表 sql_desc = CREATE TABLE tbl_product3( i_index INTEGER, sv_productname VARCHAR(32) ); try: pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc) except Exception, e: print create table failed pgdb_logger.error(create table failed, ret = %s % e.args[0]) pgdb_conn.close() return pgdb_logger.info(create table(tbl_product3) succ.) #插入记录 sql_desc = INSERT INTO tbl_product3(sv_productname) values(apple) try: pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc) except Exception, e: print insert record into table failed pgdb_logger.error(insert record into table failed, ret = %s % e.args[0]) pgdb_conn.close() return pgdb_logger.info(insert record into table(tbl_product3) succ.) #查询表 1 sql_desc = select * from tbl_product3 for row in pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc).dictresult(): print row pgdb_logger.info(%s, row) #查询表2 sql_desc = select * from tbl_test_port for row in pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc).dictresult(): print row pgdb_logger.info(%s, row) #关闭数据库连接 pgdb_conn.close() pgdb_logger.debug(operate_sqlite3_tbl_product leaving...) if __name__ == __main__: #初始化日志系统 pgdb_logger = log_init(LOG_FILENAME, LOG_CONTENT_NAME) #操作数据库 operate_postgre_tbl_product()

  四、测试:

1、运行后命令行打印结果:

   {sv_productname: apple, i_index: None} {i_status: 1, i_port: 2, i_index: 1} {i_status: 1, i_port: 3, i_index: 2} {i_status: 1, i_port: 5, i_index: 3} {i_status: 1, i_port: 0, i_index: 5} {i_status: 1, i_port: 18, i_index: 7} {i_status: 1, i_port: 8, i_index: 8} {i_status: 1, i_port: 7, i_index: 9} {i_status: 1, i_port: 21, i_index: 10} {i_status: 1, i_port: 23, i_index: 11} {i_status: 1, i_port: 29, i_index: 12} {i_status: 1, i_port: 3000, i_index: 4} {i_status: 1, i_port: 1999, i_index: 6}

  2、日志文件内容:

   [2012-02-12 18:09:53,536 pg_log]DEBUG: operate_postgre_tbl_product enter... (test_func.py:36) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,772 pg_log]INFO: conntect postgre database(kevin_test) succ. (test_func.py:46) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,786 pg_log]INFO: drop table(tbl_product3) succ. (test_func.py:58) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: create table(tbl_product3) succ. (test_func.py:73) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: insert record into table(tbl_product3) succ. (test_func.py:85) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {sv_productname: apple, i_index: None} (test_func.py:91) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {i_status: 1, i_port: 2, i_index: 1} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {i_status: 1, i_port: 3, i_index: 2} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {i_status: 1, i_port: 5, i_index: 3} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {i_status: 1, i_port: 0, i_index: 5} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {i_status: 1, i_port: 18, i_index: 7} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {i_status: 1, i_port: 8, i_index: 8} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {i_status: 1, i_port: 7, i_index: 9} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {i_status: 1, i_port: 21, i_index: 10} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {i_status: 1, i_port: 23, i_index: 11} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {i_status: 1, i_port: 29, i_index: 12} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {i_status: 1, i_port: 3000, i_index: 4} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {i_status: 1, i_port: 1999, i_index: 6} (test_func.py:97) [2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]DEBUG: operate_sqlite3_tbl_product leaving... (test_func.py:101)

  3、psql查看结果:

   [root@kevin ~]# su - postgres [postgres@kevin ~]$ psql -U dyx1024 -d kevin_test psql (8.4.2) Type help for help. kevin_test=# \dt List of relations Schema Name Type Owner --------+---------------+-------+---------------- public tbl_product3 table dyx1024 public tbl_test_port table pg_test_user_3 (2 rows) kevin_test=# select * from tbl_product3; i_index sv_productname ---------+---------------- apple (1 row) kevin_test=# select * from tbl_test_port; i_index i_port i_status ---------+--------+---------- 1 2 1 2 3 1 3 5 1 5 0 1 7 18 1 8 8 1 9 7 1 10 21 1 11 23 1 12 29 1 4 3000 1 6 1999 1 (12 rows) kevin_test=# \q [postgres@kevin ~]$


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