ubuntu下配置C++编译环境
2021-02-07 14:19
标签：类型 download arch expand 指定 none 样式 pam gbk 一、入门 0、在虚拟机下安装ubuntu系统，我的电脑太low了，ubuntu18版本装不了，然后就换了16版本，安装完成后安装vmware-tools，这个百度即可 1、安装vim vimrc文件设置参考博客顺序： 粘贴的内容为： vimrc文件配置以上参考博客链接 以上的vim配置方法会在当前行和列显示白线条，去掉的方法为： cd /etc/vim //转到vim安装目录下 vim vimrc //打开vimrc,删掉set cursorline 和set cursorcolum 另外vimrc详细配置参考博客 最后使用cim输入cpp文件的效果如下： 2、安装g++和gcc编译器 3、创建一个cpp文件 ubuntu下配置C++编译环境 标签：类型 download arch expand 指定 none 样式 pam gbk 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/YiYA-blog/p/12775937.html目录
一、入门
sudo apt-get install -y vim
2、配置vim
cd /etc/vim //切换到vim安装目录下
vim vimrc //用vim打开vimrc 刚开始进入是出于命令模式,可以按下a切换到输入模式,右键->Paste
//粘贴完毕后按下Esc由输入模式进入命令模式->输入:wq->回车保存并退出
1 " 显示行号
2 set number
3 " 显示标尺
4 set ruler
5 " 历史纪录
6 set history=1000
7 " 输入的命令显示出来，看的清楚些
8 set showcmd
9 " 状态行显示的内容
10 set statusline=%F%m%r%h%w\ [FORMAT=%{&ff}]\ [TYPE=%Y]\ [POS=%l,%v][%p%%]\ %{strftime(\"%d/%m/%y\ -\ %H:%M\")}
11 " 启动显示状态行1，总是显示状态行2
12 set laststatus=2
13 " 语法高亮显示
14 syntax on
15 set fileencodings=utf-8,gb2312,gbk,cp936,latin-1
16 set fileencoding=utf-8
17 set termencoding=utf-8
18 set fileformat=unix
19 set encoding=utf-8
20 " 配色方案
21 colorscheme desert
22 " 指定配色方案是256色
23 set t_Co=256
24
25 set wildmenu
26
27 " 去掉有关vi一致性模式，避免以前版本的一些bug和局限，解决backspace不能使用的问题
28 set nocompatible
29 set backspace=indent,eol,start
30 set backspace=2
31
32 " 启用自动对齐功能，把上一行的对齐格式应用到下一行
33 set autoindent
34
35 " 依据上面的格式，智能的选择对齐方式，对于类似C语言编写很有用处
36 set smartindent
37
38 " vim禁用自动备份
39 set nobackup
40 set nowritebackup
41 set noswapfile
42
43 " 用空格代替tab
44 set expandtab
45
46 " 设置显示制表符的空格字符个数,改进tab缩进值，默认为8，现改为4
47 set tabstop=4
48
49 " 统一缩进为4，方便在开启了et后使用退格(backspace)键，每次退格将删除X个空格
50 set softtabstop=4
51
52 " 设定自动缩进为4个字符，程序中自动缩进所使用的空白长度
53 set shiftwidth=4
54
55 " 设置帮助文件为中文(需要安装vimcdoc文档)
56 set helplang=cn
57
58 " 显示匹配的括号
59 set showmatch
60
61 " 文件缩进及tab个数
62 au FileType html,python,vim,javascript setl shiftwidth=4
63 au FileType html,python,vim,javascript setl tabstop=4
64 au FileType java,php setl shiftwidth=4
65 au FileType java,php setl tabstop=4
66 " 高亮搜索的字符串
67 set hlsearch
68
69 " 检测文件的类型
70 filetype on
71 filetype plugin on
72 filetype indent on
73
74 " C风格缩进
75 set cindent
76 set completeopt=longest,menu
77
78 " 功能设置
79
80 " 去掉输入错误提示声音
81 set noeb
82 " 自动保存
83 set autowrite
84 " 突出显示当前行
85 set cursorline
86 " 突出显示当前列
87 set cursorcolumn
88 "设置光标样式为竖线vertical bar
89 " Change cursor shape between insert and normal mode in iTerm2.app
90 "if $TERM_PROGRAM =~ "iTerm"
91 let &t_SI = "\
在安装之前可以使用以下命令先检查一下存在g++和gcc与否
g++ version
gcc version
如果没有使用如下命令进行安装
cd ..
cd ..
cd .. //退出vim安装路径
sudo apt-get install -y g++
sudo apt-get install -y gcc
至此编译环境安装成功
cd /home //切换到home目录下
mkdir test //在home目录下创建一个test文件夹
cd test //进入刚刚创建的test文件夹下
vim test.cpp //创建cpp文件,有可能会有问题，直接回车即可
//然后按下a由命令模式进入输入模式，输入完毕后,按下Esc由输入模式进入命令模式->:wq->回车，保存并退出
g++ -o test test.cpp //编译，注意必须要有test.cpp所在的路径
./test //输出hello world
1 yiya@YiYA:~$ sudo apt-get install -y vim
2 [sudo] password for yiya:
3 Reading package lists... Done
4 Building dependency tree
5 Reading state information... Done
6 The following additional packages will be installed:
7 vim-common vim-runtime vim-tiny
8 Suggested packages:
9 ctags vim-doc vim-scripts vim-gnome-py2 | vim-gtk-py2 | vim-gtk3-py2
10 | vim-athena-py2 | vim-nox-py2 indent
11 The following NEW packages will be installed:
12 vim vim-runtime
13 The following packages will be upgraded:
14 vim-common vim-tiny
15 2 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 335 not upgraded.
16 Need to get 6,755 kB of archives.
17 After this operation, 30.0 MB of additional disk space will be used.
18 Get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 vim-tiny amd64 2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4 [446 kB]
19 Get:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 vim-common amd64 2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4 [103 kB]
20 Get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4 [5,169 kB]
21 Get:4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 vim amd64 2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4 [1,036 kB]
22 Fetched 6,755 kB in 16s (411 kB/s)
23 (Reading database ... 177098 files and directories currently installed.)
24 Preparing to unpack .../vim-tiny_2%3a7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4_amd64.deb ...
25 Unpacking vim-tiny (2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4) over (2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.2) ...
26 Preparing to unpack .../vim-common_2%3a7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4_amd64.deb ...
27 Unpacking vim-common (2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4) over (2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.2) ...
28 Selecting previously unselected package vim-runtime.
29 Preparing to unpack .../vim-runtime_2%3a7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4_all.deb ...
30 Adding ‘diversion of /usr/share/vim/vim74/doc/help.txt to /usr/share/vim/vim74/doc/help.txt.vim-tiny by vim-runtime‘
31 Adding ‘diversion of /usr/share/vim/vim74/doc/tags to /usr/share/vim/vim74/doc/tags.vim-tiny by vim-runtime‘
32 Unpacking vim-runtime (2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4) ...
33 Selecting previously unselected package vim.
34 Preparing to unpack .../vim_2%3a7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4_amd64.deb ...
35 Unpacking vim (2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4) ...
36 Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
37 Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.13.3-6ubuntu3.1) ...
38 Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.22-1ubuntu5.2) ...
39 Processing triggers for bamfdaemon (0.5.3~bzr0+16.04.20180209-0ubuntu1) ...
40 Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index...
41 Processing triggers for mime-support (3.59ubuntu1) ...
42 Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.15-0ubuntu1.1) ...
43 Setting up vim-common (2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4) ...
44 Setting up vim-tiny (2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4) ...
45 Setting up vim-runtime (2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4) ...
46 Setting up vim (2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.4) ...
47 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vim (vim) in auto mode
48 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vimdiff (vimdiff) in auto mode
49 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/rvim (rvim) in auto mode
50 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/rview (rview) in auto mode
51 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vi (vi) in auto mode
52 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/view (view) in auto mode
53 update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/ex (ex) in auto mode
54 yiya@YiYA:~$ ls
55 Desktop Downloads Music Public Videos
56 Documents examples.desktop Pictures Templates
57 yiya@YiYA:~$ sudo su
58 root@YiYA:/home/yiya# 123
59 123: command not found
60 root@YiYA:/home/yiya# ls
61 Desktop Downloads Music Public Videos
62 Documents examples.desktop Pictures Templates
63 root@YiYA:/home/yiya# cd /etc
64 root@YiYA:/etc# ls
65 acpi hosts profile.d
66 adduser.conf hosts.allow protocols
67 alternatives hosts.deny pulse
68 anacrontab hp python
69 apg.conf ifplugd python2.7
70 apm iftab python3
71 apparmor ImageMagick-6 python3.5
72 apparmor.d init rc0.d
73 apport init.d rc1.d
74 appstream.conf initramfs-tools rc2.d
75 apt inputrc rc3.d
76 aptdaemon insserv rc4.d
77 at-spi2 insserv.conf rc5.d
78 avahi insserv.conf.d rc6.d
79 bash.bashrc iproute2 rc.local
80 bash_completion issue rcS.d
81 bash_completion.d issue.net resolvconf
82 bindresvport.blacklist kbd resolv.conf
83 binfmt.d kernel rmt
84 bluetooth kernel-img.conf rpc
85 brlapi.key kerneloops.conf rsyslog.conf
86 brltty ldap rsyslog.d
87 brltty.conf ld.so.cache sane.d
88 ca-certificates ld.so.conf securetty
89 ca-certificates.conf ld.so.conf.d security
90 calendar legal selinux
91 chatscripts libao.conf sensors3.conf
92 compizconfig libaudit.conf sensors.d
93 console-setup libnl-3 services
94 cracklib libpaper.d sgml
95 cron.d libreoffice shadow
96 cron.daily lightdm shadow-
97 cron.hourly lintianrc shells
98 cron.monthly locale.alias signond.conf
99 crontab locale.gen signon-ui
100 cron.weekly localtime skel
101 cups logcheck speech-dispatcher
102 cupshelpers login.defs ssh
103 dbus-1 logrotate.conf ssl
104 dconf logrotate.d subgid
105 debconf.conf lsb-release subgid-
106 debian_version ltrace.conf subuid
107 default machine-id subuid-
108 deluser.conf magic sudoers
109 depmod.d magic.mime sudoers.d
110 dhcp mailcap sysctl.conf
111 dictionaries-common mailcap.order sysctl.d
112 dnsmasq.d manpath.config systemd
113 doc-base mime.types terminfo
114 dpkg mke2fs.conf thermald
115 drirc modprobe.d thunderbird
116 emacs modules timezone
117 environment modules-load.d tmpfiles.d
118 firefox mtab tpvmlp.conf
119 fonts mtools.conf ucf.conf
120 fstab nanorc udev
121 fuse.conf network udisks2
122 fwupd.conf NetworkManager ufw
123 gai.conf networks updatedb.conf
124 gconf newt update-manager
125 gdb nsswitch.conf update-motd.d
126 ghostscript opt update-notifier
127 gnome os-release UPower
128 gnome-app-install pam.conf upstart-xsessions
129 groff pam.d usb_modeswitch.conf
130 group papersize usb_modeswitch.d
131 group- passwd vim
132 grub.d passwd- vmware-caf
133 gshadow pcmcia vmware-tools
134 gshadow- perl vtrgb
135 gss pki wgetrc
136 gtk-2.0 pm wpa_supplicant
137 gtk-3.0 pnm2ppa.conf X11
138 guest-session polkit-1 xdg
139 hdparm.conf popularity-contest.conf xml
140 host.conf ppp zsh_command_not_found
141 hostname profile
142 root@YiYA:/etc# cd /vim
143 bash: cd: /vim: No such file or directory
144 root@YiYA:/etc# cd vim
145 root@YiYA:/etc/vim# ls
146 vimrc vimrc.tiny
147 root@YiYA:/etc/vim# vim vimrc
148 root@YiYA:/etc/vim# g++ version
149 g++: error: version: No such file or directory
150 g++: fatal error: no input files
151 compilation terminated.
152 root@YiYA:/etc/vim# gcc version
153 gcc: error: version: No such file or directory
154 gcc: fatal error: no input files
155 compilation terminated.
156 root@YiYA:/etc/vim# cd..
157 cd..: command not found
158 root@YiYA:/etc/vim# cd ..
159 root@YiYA:/etc# cd ..
160 root@YiYA:/# cd ..
161 root@YiYA:/# sudo apt-get install -y g++
162 Reading package lists... Done
163 Building dependency tree
164 Reading state information... Done
165 g++ is already the newest version (4:5.3.1-1ubuntu1).
166 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 335 not upgraded.
167 root@YiYA:/# sudo apt-get install -y gcc
168 Reading package lists... Done
169 Building dependency tree
170 Reading state information... Done
171 gcc is already the newest version (4:5.3.1-1ubuntu1).
172 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 335 not upgraded.
173 root@YiYA:/# ls
174 bin dev initrd.img lib64 mnt root snap tmp vmlinuz
175 boot etc initrd.img.old lost+found opt run srv usr
176 cdrom home lib media proc sbin sys var
177 root@YiYA:/# cd /home
178 root@YiYA:/home# ls
179 yiya
180 root@YiYA:/home# cd ..
181 root@YiYA:/# cd /Desptop
182 bash: cd: /Desptop: No such file or directory
183 root@YiYA:/# cd /home
184 root@YiYA:/home# cd /Desktop
185 bash: cd: /Desktop: No such file or directory
186 root@YiYA:/home# mkdir test
187 root@YiYA:/home# ls
188 test yiya
189 root@YiYA:/home# cd /test
190 bash: cd: /test: No such file or directory
191 root@YiYA:/home# cd test
192 root@YiYA:/home/test# vim test.cpp
193 Error detected while processing /usr/share/vim/vimrc:
194 line 56:
195 E518: Unknown option: histoty=1000
196 line 57:
197 E518: Unknown option: showmd
198 Press ENTER or type command to continue
199 root@YiYA:/home/test# g++ -o test.cpp
200 g++: fatal error: no input files
201 compilation terminated.
202 root@YiYA:/home/test# ./test
203 bash: ./test: No such file or directory
204 root@YiYA:/home/test# ls
205 test.cpp
206 root@YiYA:/home/test# vim test.cpp
207 Error detected while processing /usr/share/vim/vimrc:
208 line 56:
209 E518: Unknown option: histoty=1000
210 line 57:
211 E518: Unknown option: showmd
212 Press ENTER or type command to continue
213 root@YiYA:/home/test# g++ -o test.cpp
214 g++: fatal error: no input files
215 compilation terminated.
216 root@YiYA:/home/test# g++ -o test test.cpp
217 root@YiYA:/home/test# ./test
218 hello world!
219 root@YiYA:/home/test#