部署一套完整的Kubernetes高可用集群(上)【转】
2021-02-11 05:18
标签:visible overflow vsr 修改 rri label false 加速 之间 目前生产部署Kubernetes集群主要有两种方式: kubeadm Kubeadm是一个K8s部署工具,提供kubeadm init和kubeadm join,用于快速部署Kubernetes集群。 官方地址:https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm/ 二进制包 从github下载发行版的二进制包,手动部署每个组件,组成Kubernetes集群。 Kubeadm降低部署门槛,但屏蔽了很多细节,遇到问题很难排查。如果想更容易可控,推荐使用二进制包部署Kubernetes集群,虽然手动部署麻烦点,期间可以学习很多工作原理,也利于后期维护。 在开始之前,部署Kubernetes集群机器需要满足以下几个条件: 一台或多台机器,操作系统 CentOS7.x-86_x64 硬件配置:2GB或更多RAM,2个CPU或更多CPU,硬盘30GB或更多 集群中所有机器之间网络互通 可以访问外网,需要拉取镜像,如果服务器不能上网,需要提前下载镜像并导入节点 禁止swap分区 软件环境: 服务器整体规划: 须知:考虑到有些朋友电脑配置较低,这么多虚拟机跑不动,所以这一套高可用集群分两部分实施,先部署一套单Master架构(192.168.31.71/72/73),再扩容为多Master架构(上述规划),顺便熟悉下Master扩容流程。 单Master架构图: 单Master服务器规划: Etcd 是一个分布式键值存储系统,Kubernetes使用Etcd进行数据存储,所以先准备一个Etcd数据库,为解决Etcd单点故障,应采用集群方式部署,这里使用3台组建集群,可容忍1台机器故障,当然,你也可以使用5台组建集群,可容忍2台机器故障。 注:为了节省机器,这里与K8s节点机器复用。也可以独立于k8s集群之外部署,只要apiserver能连接到就行。 cfssl是一个开源的证书管理工具,使用json文件生成证书,相比openssl更方便使用。 找任意一台服务器操作,这里用Master节点。 创建工作目录: 自签CA: 生成证书: 创建证书申请文件: 注:上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有etcd节点的集群内部通信IP,一个都不能少!为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。 生成证书: 下载地址:https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz 以下在节点1上操作,为简化操作,待会将节点1生成的所有文件拷贝到节点2和节点3. ETCD_NAME:节点名称,集群中唯一 ETCD_DATA_DIR:数据目录 ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS:集群通信监听地址 ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS:客户端访问监听地址 ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS:集群通告地址 ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS:客户端通告地址 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER:集群节点地址 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN:集群Token ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE:加入集群的当前状态,new是新集群,existing表示加入已有集群 把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径: 然后在节点2和节点3分别修改etcd.conf配置文件中的节点名称和当前服务器IP: 最后启动etcd并设置开机启动,同上。 如果输出上面信息,就说明集群部署成功。如果有问题第一步先看日志:/var/log/message 或 journalctl -u etcd 下载地址:https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.9.tgz 以下在所有节点操作。这里采用二进制安装,用yum安装也一样。 registry-mirrors 阿里云镜像加速器 如果你在学习中遇到问题或者文档有误可联系阿良~ 微信: init1024 生成证书: 创建证书申请文件: 注:上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有Master/LB/VIP IP,一个都不能少!为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。 生成证书: 下载地址: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.18.md#v1183 注:打开链接你会发现里面有很多包,下载一个server包就够了,包含了Master和Worker Node二进制文件。 注:上面两个\ \ 第一个是转义符,第二个是换行符,使用转义符是为了使用EOF保留换行符。 –logtostderr:启用日志 —v:日志等级 –log-dir:日志目录 –etcd-servers:etcd集群地址 –bind-address:监听地址 –secure-port:https安全端口 –advertise-address:集群通告地址 –allow-privileged:启用授权 –service-cluster-ip-range:Service虚拟IP地址段 –enable-admission-plugins:准入控制模块 –authorization-mode:认证授权,启用RBAC授权和节点自管理 –enable-bootstrap-token-auth:启用TLS bootstrap机制 –token-auth-file:bootstrap token文件 –service-node-port-range:Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围 –kubelet-client-xxx:apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书 –tls-xxx-file:apiserver https证书 –etcd-xxxfile:连接Etcd集群证书 –audit-log-xxx:审计日志 把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径: TLS Bootstraping:Master apiserver启用TLS认证后,Node节点kubelet和kube-proxy要与kube-apiserver进行通信,必须使用CA签发的有效证书才可以,当Node节点很多时,这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作,同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。为了简化流程,Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书,kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书,kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。所以强烈建议在Node上使用这种方式,目前主要用于kubelet,kube-proxy还是由我们统一颁发一个证书。 TLS bootstraping 工作流程: 创建上述配置文件中token文件: 格式:token,用户名,UID,用户组 token也可自行生成替换: –master:通过本地非安全本地端口8080连接apiserver。 –leader-elect:当该组件启动多个时,自动选举(HA) –cluster-signing-cert-file/–cluster-signing-key-file:自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA,与apiserver保持一致 –master:通过本地非安全本地端口8080连接apiserver。 –leader-elect:当该组件启动多个时,自动选举(HA) 所有组件都已经启动成功,通过kubectl工具查看当前集群组件状态: 如上输出说明Master节点组件运行正常。 如果你在学习中遇到问题或者文档有误可联系阿良~ 微信: init1024 下面还是在Master Node上操作,即同时作为Worker Node 在所有worker node创建工作目录: 从master节点拷贝: –hostname-override:显示名称,集群中唯一 –network-plugin:启用CNI –kubeconfig:空路径,会自动生成,后面用于连接apiserver –bootstrap-kubeconfig:首次启动向apiserver申请证书 –config:配置参数文件 –cert-dir:kubelet证书生成目录 –pod-infra-container-image:管理Pod网络容器的镜像 拷贝到配置文件路径: 注:由于网络插件还没有部署,节点会没有准备就绪 NotReady 生成kube-proxy证书: 生成kubeconfig文件: 拷贝到配置文件指定路径: 先准备好CNI二进制文件: 下载地址:https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz 解压二进制包并移动到默认工作目录: 部署CNI网络: 默认镜像地址无法访问,修改为docker hub镜像仓库。 部署好网络插件,Node准备就绪。 在master节点将Worker Node涉及文件拷贝到新节点192.168.31.72/73 注:这几个文件是证书申请审批后自动生成的,每个Node不同,必须删除重新生成。一、前置知识点
1.1 生产环境可部署Kubernetes集群的两种方式
1.2 安装要求
1.3 准备环境
软件
版本
操作系统
CentOS7.8_x64 (mini)
Docker
19-ce
Kubernetes
1.18
角色
IP
组件
k8s-master1
192.168.31.71
kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,etcd
k8s-master2
192.168.31.74
kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler
k8s-node1
192.168.31.72
kubelet,kube-proxy,docker etcd
k8s-node2
192.168.31.73
kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,etcd
Load Balancer(Master)
192.168.31.81 ,192.168.31.88 (VIP)
Nginx L4
Load Balancer(Backup)
192.168.31. 82
Nginx L4
角色
IP
组件
k8s-master
192.168.31.71
kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,etcd
k8s-node1
192.168.31.72
kubelet,kube-proxy,docker etcd
k8s-node2
192.168.31.73
kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,etcd
1.4 操作系统初始化配置
# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
# 关闭selinux
sed -i ‘s/enforcing/disabled/‘ /etc/selinux/config # 永久
setenforce 0 # 临时
# 关闭swap
swapoff -a # 临时
sed -ri ‘s/.*swap.*/#&/‘ /etc/fstab # 永久
# 根据规划设置主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname
# 在master添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts 192.168.31.71 k8s-master
192.168.31.72 k8s-node1
192.168.31.73 k8s-node2
EOF
# 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system # 生效
# 时间同步
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time.windows.com二、部署Etcd集群
节点名称
IP
etcd-1
192.168.31.71
etcd-2
192.168.31.72
etcd-3
192.168.31.73
2.1 准备cfssl证书生成工具
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo2.2 生成Etcd证书
1. 自签证书颁发机构(CA)
mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}
cd TLS/etcdcat > ca-config.json {
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"www": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json {
"CN": "etcd CA",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing"
}
]
}
EOFcfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
ls *pem
ca-key.pem ca.pem2. 使用自签CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书
cat > server-csr.json {
"CN": "etcd",
"hosts": [
"192.168.31.71",
"192.168.31.72",
"192.168.31.73"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
ls server*pem
server-key.pem server.pem2.3 从Github下载二进制文件
2.4 部署Etcd集群
1. 创建工作目录并解压二进制包
mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/2. 创建etcd配置文件
cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf #[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.31.71:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.31.72:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.31.73:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF
3. systemd管理etcd
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service [Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF4. 拷贝刚才生成的证书
cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
5. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd6. 将上面节点1所有生成的文件拷贝到节点2和节点3
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.31.72:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.31.72:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.31.73:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.31.73:/usr/lib/systemd/system/vi /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1" # 修改此处,节点2改为etcd-2,节点3改为etcd-3
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2380" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2379" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2380" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2379" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.31.71:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.31.72:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.31.73:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"7. 查看集群状态
ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.31.71:2379,https://192.168.31.72:2379,https://192.168.31.73:2379" endpoint health
https://192.168.31.71:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 8.154404ms
https://192.168.31.73:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 9.044117ms
https://192.168.31.72:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 10.000825ms三、安装Docker
3.1 解压二进制包
tar zxvf docker-19.03.9.tgz
mv docker/* /usr/bin3.2 systemd管理docker
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service [Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF3.3 创建配置文件
mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json {
"registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
3.4 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker四、部署Master Node
4.1 生成kube-apiserver证书
1. 自签证书颁发机构(CA)
cat > ca-config.json {
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"kubernetes": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json {
"CN": "kubernetes",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOFcfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
ls *pem
ca-key.pem ca.pem2. 使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书
cd TLS/k8s
cat > server-csr.json {
"CN": "kubernetes",
"hosts": [
"10.0.0.1",
"127.0.0.1",
"192.168.31.71",
"192.168.31.72",
"192.168.31.73",
"192.168.31.74",
"192.168.31.81",
"192.168.31.82",
"192.168.31.88",
"kubernetes",
"kubernetes.default",
"kubernetes.default.svc",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
ls server*pem
server-key.pem server.pem4.2 从Github下载二进制文件
4.3 解压二进制包
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/4.4 部署kube-apiserver
1. 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.31.71:2379,https://192.168.31.72:2379,https://192.168.31.73:2379 \\
--bind-address=192.168.31.71 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=192.168.31.71 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF
2. 拷贝刚才生成的证书
cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
3. 启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOFhead -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ‘ ‘
4. systemd管理apiserver
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service [Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF5. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-apiserver6. 授权kubelet-bootstrap用户允许请求证书
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap4.5 部署kube-controller-manager
1. 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF
2. systemd管理controller-manager
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service [Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF3. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager4.6 部署kube-scheduler
1. 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--leader-elect \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF
2. systemd管理scheduler
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service [Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF3. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler4. 查看集群状态
kubectl get cs
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
scheduler Healthy ok
controller-manager Healthy ok
etcd-2 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-1 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"} 五、部署Worker Node
5.1 创建工作目录并拷贝二进制文件
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin # 本地拷贝5.2 部署kubelet
1. 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=k8s-master \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF
2. 配置参数文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
anonymous:
enabled: false
webhook:
cacheTTL: 2m0s
enabled: true
x509:
clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem
authorization:
mode: Webhook
webhook:
cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
imagefs.available: 15%
memory.available: 100Mi
nodefs.available: 10%
nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF3. 生成bootstrap.kubeconfig文件
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.31.71:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
TOKEN="c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940" # 与token.csv里保持一致
# 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
--token=${TOKEN} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfigcp bootstrap.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg
4. systemd管理kubelet
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service [Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF5. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet5.3 批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群
# 查看kubelet证书请求
kubectl get csr
NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-uCEGPOIiDdlLODKts8J658HrFq9CZ--K6M4G7bjhk8A 6m3s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending
# 批准申请
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-uCEGPOIiDdlLODKts8J658HrFq9CZ--K6M4G7bjhk8A
# 查看节点
kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master NotReady
5.4 部署kube-proxy
1. 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF2. 配置参数文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: k8s-master
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
EOF3. 生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件
# 切换工作目录
cd TLS/k8s
# 创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json {
"CN": "system:kube-proxy",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
ls kube-proxy*pem
kube-proxy-key.pem kube-proxy.pemKUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.31.71:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
--client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
--client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-proxy \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfigcp kube-proxy.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg/
4. systemd管理kube-proxy
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service [Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF5. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy5.5 部署CNI网络
mkdir /opt/cni/bin
tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/binwget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
sed -i -r "s#quay.io/coreos/flannel:.*-amd64#lizhenliang/flannel:v0.12.0-amd64#g" kube-flannel.ymlkubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-2pc95 1/1 Running 0 72s
kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master Ready 5.6 授权apiserver访问kubelet
cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
annotations:
rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
labels:
kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/proxy
- nodes/stats
- nodes/log
- nodes/spec
- nodes/metrics
- pods/log
verbs:
- "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: system:kube-apiserver
namespace: ""
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: User
name: kubernetes
EOF
kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml5.7 新增加Worker Node
1. 拷贝已部署好的Node相关文件到新节点
scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.31.72:/opt/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.31.72:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp -r /opt/cni/ root@192.168.31.72:/opt/
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@192.168.31.72:/opt/kubernetes/ssl2. 删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件
rm /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*
3. 修改主机名
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--
文章标题:部署一套完整的Kubernetes高可用集群(上)【转】
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