C#基础之委托

 /// 

 /// 委托是一种引用类型，表示对具有特定参数列表和返回类型的方法的引用
 /// 委托是安全封装方法的类型，类似于 C 和 C++ 中的函数指针。 与 C 函数指针不同的是，委托是面向对象的、类型安全的和可靠的。
/// 
 // Declare a delegate
delegate void Del(int i, double j);

class MathClass
{
    static void Main()
    {
        MathClass m = new MathClass();

        // Delegate instantiation using "MultiplyNumbers"
        Del d = m.MultiplyNumbers;

        // Invoke the delegate object.
        Console.WriteLine("Invoking the delegate using ‘MultiplyNumbers‘:");
        for (int i = 1; i 5; i++)
        {
            d(i, 2);
        }

        // Keep the console window open in debug mode.
        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");
        Console.ReadKey();
    }

    // Declare the associated method.
    void MultiplyNumbers(int m, double n)
    {
        Console.Write(m * n + " ");
    }
}

// Declare a delegate
delegate void Del();

class SampleClass
{
    public void InstanceMethod()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("A message from the instance method.");
    }

    static public void StaticMethod()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("A message from the static method.");
    }
}

class TestSampleClass
{
    static void Main()
    {
        var sc = new SampleClass();

        // Map the delegate to the instance method:
        Del d = sc.InstanceMethod;
        d();

        // Map to the static method:
        d = SampleClass.StaticMethod;
        d();
    }
}
/* Output:
    A message from the instance method.
    A message from the static method.
*/

 public delegate void Del(string message);
    class TestDelegate
    {
        // Create a method for a delegate.
        public static void DelegateMethod(string message)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(message);
        }

        public static void Test()
        {
            // Instantiate the delegate.
            Del handler = DelegateMethod;

            // Call the delegate.
            handler("Hello World");
        }

        public static void MethodWithCallback(int param1,int param2,Del callback)
        {
            callback("The number is: " + (param1 + param2).ToString());
        }
    }

// Define a custom delegate that has a string parameter and returns void.
delegate void CustomDel(string s);

class TestClass
{
    // Define two methods that have the same signature as CustomDel.
    static void Hello(string s)
    {
        Console.WriteLine($"  Hello, {s}!");
    }

    static void Goodbye(string s)
    {
        Console.WriteLine($"  Goodbye, {s}!");
    }

    static void Main()
    {
        // Declare instances of the custom delegate.
        CustomDel hiDel, byeDel, multiDel, multiMinusHiDel;

        // In this example, you can omit the custom delegate if you 
        // want to and use Action instead.
        //Action hiDel, byeDel, multiDel, multiMinusHiDel;

        // Create the delegate object hiDel that references the
        // method Hello.
        hiDel = Hello;

        // Create the delegate object byeDel that references the
        // method Goodbye.
        byeDel = Goodbye;

        // The two delegates, hiDel and byeDel, are combined to 
        // form multiDel. 
        multiDel = hiDel + byeDel;

        // Remove hiDel from the multicast delegate, leaving byeDel,
        // which calls only the method Goodbye.
        multiMinusHiDel = multiDel - hiDel;

        Console.WriteLine("Invoking delegate hiDel:");
        hiDel("A");
        Console.WriteLine("Invoking delegate byeDel:");
        byeDel("B");
        Console.WriteLine("Invoking delegate multiDel:");
        multiDel("C");
        Console.WriteLine("Invoking delegate multiMinusHiDel:");
        multiMinusHiDel("D");
    }
}
/* Output:
Invoking delegate hiDel:
  Hello, A!
Invoking delegate byeDel:
  Goodbye, B!
Invoking delegate multiDel:
  Hello, C!
  Goodbye, C!
Invoking delegate multiMinusHiDel:
  Goodbye, D!
*/