【转】编写高质量代码改善C#程序的157个建议——建议61:避免在finally内撰写无效代码
2021-04-23 20:29
标签:应该 final 情况 ros void static get dup lin 建议61:避免在finally内撰写无效代码 在阐述建议之前,需要先提出一个问题:是否存在一种打破try-finally执行顺序的情况,答案是:不存在(除非应用程序本身因为某些很少出现的特殊情况在try块中退出)。应该始终认为finally内的代码会在方法return之前执行,哪怕return在try块中。 正是这点,可能会让你写出无效的代码,有时候,这样的无效代码会是一个隐藏很深的Bug。 看下面代码: 返回值是2。 但是: 返回值是1。 再看下面代码: user类: TestUserReturnInTry方法返回的User中,Name的值已经改为Rose了。 现在来解释为什么上面3个函数会有3种结果。查看TestIntReturnBelowFinally的finally部分的IL代码: “IL_0004: ldc.i4.2”首先将2压入栈顶 “IL_0005: stloc.0”将最顶层堆栈的值,也就是2赋值给本地变量,也就是 i (index 0) “IL_0011: ldloc.0”将本地变量 i (index 0)的值再次压入栈 “IL_0012: ret”结束函数,同时把栈内的返回值压入调用者的栈中。就函数将2赋值给了返回值。 看方法TestIntReturnInTry()的Debug版本的IL代码: TestIntReturnInTry在IL中创建了两个本地变量 i 和CS$1$0000 ,i 存储的是1,然后finally中 i 被赋值为2。调用者真正得到的是由IL创建的CS$1$0000所对应的值。用Reflector查看C#代码: 实际上,finally中i=2没有任何意义,所以在本函数的release版本中,IL中找不到对应的代码: 用Reflector查看release版本中C#代码: 再解释第三个方法TestUserReturnInTry为什么返回的是“Rose”。Reflector查看release版本中C#代码: User是引用类型, CS$1$0000 = user;说明CS$1$0000和user指向的是同一个对象,当在finally中 user.Name = "Rose"时CS$1$0000的Name也会变为“Rose”。所以返回的CS$1$0000的Name为“Rose”。 再举一个例子: 返回的结果不是null,而一个Name=“Rose”,BirthDay = new DateTime(2010, 2, 2)的User对象。Reflector查看release版本中C#代码: CS$1$0000和user指向的是同一个对象,当在finally中 user=null 时,只是user指向为null了,CS$1$0000指向的对象并没有变。 转自:《编写高质量代码改善C#程序的157个建议》陆敏技 【转】编写高质量代码改善C#程序的157个建议——建议61:避免在finally内撰写无效代码 标签:应该 final 情况 ros void static get dup lin 原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/farmer-y/p/7992697.html private static int TestIntReturnBelowFinally()
{
int i;
try
{
i = 1;
}
finally
{
i = 2;
Console.WriteLine("\t将int结果改为2,finally执行完毕");
}
return i;
}
private static int TestIntReturnInTry()
{
int i;
try
{
return i = 1;
}
finally
{
i = 2;
Console.WriteLine("\t将int结果改为2,finally执行完毕");
}
}
static User TestUserReturnInTry()
{
User user = new User() { Name = "Mike", BirthDay = new DateTime(2010, 1, 1) };
try
{
return user;
}
finally
{
user.Name = "Rose";
user.BirthDay = new DateTime(2010, 2, 2);
Console.WriteLine("\t将user.Name改为Rose");
}
}
class User
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public DateTime BirthDay { get; set; }
}
finally
{
IL_0004: ldc.i4.2
IL_0005: stloc.0
IL_0006: ldstr bytearray (09 00 06 5C 69 00 6E 00 74 00 D3 7E 9C 67 39 65 // ...\i.n.t..~.g9e
3A 4E 32 00 0C FF 66 00 69 00 6E 00 61 00 6C 00 // :N2...f.i.n.a.l.
6C 00 79 00 67 62 4C 88 8C 5B D5 6B ) // l.y.gbL..[.k
IL_000b: call void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)
IL_0010: endfinally
} // end handler
IL_0011: ldloc.0
IL_0012: ret
}
.method private hidebysig static int32 TestIntReturnInTry() cil managed
{
// 代码大小 27 (0x1b)
.maxstack 2
.locals init ([0] int32 i,
[1] int32 CS$1$0000)
IL_0000: nop
.try
{
IL_0001: nop
IL_0002: ldc.i4.1
IL_0003: dup
IL_0004: stloc.0
IL_0005: stloc.1
IL_0006: leave.s IL_0018
} // end .try
finally
{
IL_0008: nop
IL_0009: ldc.i4.2
IL_000a: stloc.0
IL_000b: ldstr bytearray (09 00 06 5C 69 00 6E 00 74 00 D3 7E 9C 67 39 65 // ...\i.n.t..~.g9e
3A 4E 32 00 0C FF 66 00 69 00 6E 00 61 00 6C 00 // :N2...f.i.n.a.l.
6C 00 79 00 67 62 4C 88 8C 5B D5 6B ) // l.y.gbL..[.k
IL_0010: call void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)
IL_0015: nop
IL_0016: nop
IL_0017: endfinally
} // end handler
IL_0018: nop
IL_0019: ldloc.1
IL_001a: ret
} // end of method Program::TestIntReturnInTry
private static int TestIntReturnInTry()
{
int i;
int CS$1$0000;
try
{
CS$1$0000 = i = 1;
}
finally
{
i = 2;
Console.WriteLine("\t将int结果改为2,finally执行完毕");
}
return CS$1$0000;
}
.method private hidebysig static int32 TestIntReturnInTry() cil managed
{
// 代码大小 17 (0x11)
.maxstack 1
.locals init ([0] int32 CS$1$0000)
.try
{
IL_0000: ldc.i4.1
IL_0001: stloc.0
IL_0002: leave.s IL_000f
} // end .try
finally
{
IL_0004: ldstr bytearray (09 00 06 5C 69 00 6E 00 74 00 D3 7E 9C 67 39 65 // ...\i.n.t..~.g9e
3A 4E 32 00 0C FF 66 00 69 00 6E 00 61 00 6C 00 // :N2...f.i.n.a.l.
6C 00 79 00 67 62 4C 88 8C 5B D5 6B ) // l.y.gbL..[.k
IL_0009: call void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)
IL_000e: endfinally
} // end handler
IL_000f: ldloc.0
IL_0010: ret
} // end of method Program::TestIntReturnInTry
private static int TestIntReturnInTry()
{
int CS$1$0000;
try
{
CS$1$0000 = 1;
}
finally
{
Console.WriteLine("\t将int结果改为2,finally执行完毕");
}
return CS$1$0000;
}
private static User TestUserReturnInTry()
{
User CS$1$0000;
User g__initLocal0 = new User {
Name = "Mike",
BirthDay = new DateTime(0x7da, 1, 1)
};
User user = g__initLocal0;
try
{
CS$1$0000 = user;
}
finally
{
user.Name = "Rose";
user.BirthDay = new DateTime(0x7da, 2, 2);
Console.WriteLine("\t将user.Name改为Rose");
}
return CS$1$0000;
}
private static User TestUserReturnInTry2()
{
User user = new User() { Name = "Mike", BirthDay = new DateTime(2010, 1, 1) };
try
{
return user;
}
finally
{
user.Name = "Rose";
user.BirthDay = new DateTime(2010, 2, 2);
user = null;
Console.WriteLine("\t将user置为anull");
}
}
private static User TestUserReturnInTry2()
{
User CS$1$0000;
User g__initLocal1 = new User {
Name = "Mike",
BirthDay = new DateTime(0x7da, 1, 1)
};
User user = g__initLocal1;
try
{
CS$1$0000 = user;
}
finally
{
user.Name = "Rose";
user.BirthDay = new DateTime(0x7da, 2, 2);
user = null;
Console.WriteLine("\t将user置为anull");
}
return CS$1$0000;
}
文章标题:【转】编写高质量代码改善C#程序的157个建议——建议61:避免在finally内撰写无效代码
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