C#中HttpWebRequest的用法详解
2021-04-23 23:34
标签:png round 分享图片 cep write family 日志 uri als 本文实例讲述了C#中HttpWebRequest的用法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下: HttpWebRequest类主要利用HTTP 协议和服务器交互,通常是通过 GET 和 POST 两种方式来对数据进行获取和提交。下面对这两种方式进行一下说明: GET 方式: GET 方式通过在网络地址附加参数来完成数据的提交,比如在地址 http://www.jb51.net/?hl=zh-CN 中,前面部分 http://www.jb51.net表示数据提交的网址,后面部分 hl=zh-CN 表示附加的参数,其中 hl 表示一个键(key), zh-CN 表示这个键对应的值(value)。 程序代码如下: req.Method = “GET”; using (WebResponse wr = req.GetResponse()) { //在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理 } 使用 GET 方式提交中文数据。 GET 方式通过在网络地址中附加参数来完成数据提交,对于中文的编码,常用的有 gb2312 和 utf8 两种。 用 gb2312 方式编码访问的程序代码如下: string address = “http://www.jb51.net/?” + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(“参数一”, myEncoding) + “=” + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(“值一”, myEncoding); HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(address); req.Method = “GET”; using (WebResponse wr = req.GetResponse()) { //在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理 } 在上面的程序代码中,我们以 GET 方式访问了网址 http://www.jb51.net ,传递了参数“参数一=值一”,由于无法告知对方提交数据的编码类型,所以编码方式要以对方的网站为标准。 POST 方式: POST 方式通过在页面内容中填写参数的方法来完成数据的提交,参数的格式和 GET 方式一样,是类似于 hl=zh-CN&newwindow;=1 这样的结构。 程序代码如下: byte[] bs = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(param); HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest) HttpWebRequest.Create( “http://www.jb51.net/” ); req.Method = “POST”; req.ContentType = “application/x-www-form-urlencoded”; req.ContentLength = bs.Length; using (Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStream()) { reqStream.Write(bs, 0, bs.Length); } using (WebResponse wr = req.GetResponse()) { //在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理 } 在上面的代码中,我们访问了 http://www.jb51.net 的网址,分别以 GET 和 POST 方式提交了数据,并接收了返回的页面内容。然而,如果提交的参数中含有中文,那么这样的处理是不够的,需要对其进行编码,让对方网站能够识别。 使用 POST 方式提交中文数据 POST 方式通过在页面内容中填写参数的方法来完成数据的提交,由于提交的参数中可以说明使用的编码方式,所以理论上能获得更大的兼容性。 用 gb2312 方式编码访问的程序代码如下: string param = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(“参数一”, myEncoding) + “=” + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(“值一”, myEncoding) + “&” + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(“参数二”, myEncoding) + “=” + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(“值二”, myEncoding); byte[] postBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(param); HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest) HttpWebRequest.Create( “http://www.jb51.net/” ); req.Method = “POST”; req.ContentType = “application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=gb2312”; req.ContentLength = postBytes.Length; using (Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStream()) { reqStream.Write(bs, 0, bs.Length); } using (WebResponse wr = req.GetResponse()) { //在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理 } 从上面的代码可以看出, POST 中文数据的时候,先使用 UrlEncode 方法将中文字符转换为编码后的 ASCII 码,然后提交到服务器,提交的时候可以说明编码的方式,用来使对方服务器能够正确的解析。 用C#语言写的关于HttpWebRequest 类的使用方法 using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Net; using System.Text; namespace HttpWeb { /// /// Http操作类 /// public static class httptest { /// /// 获取网址HTML /// /// 网址 /// public static string GetHtml(string URL) { WebRequest wrt; wrt = WebRequest.Create(URL); wrt.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials; WebResponse wrp; wrp = wrt.GetResponse(); string reader = new StreamReader(wrp.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.GetEncoding(“gb2312”)).ReadToEnd(); try { wrt.GetResponse().Close(); } catch (WebException ex) { throw ex; } return reader; } /// /// 获取网站cookie /// /// 网址 /// cookie /// public static string GetHtml(string URL, out string cookie) { WebRequest wrt; wrt = WebRequest.Create(URL); wrt.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials; WebResponse wrp; wrp = wrt.GetResponse(); string html = new StreamReader(wrp.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.GetEncoding(“gb2312”)).ReadToEnd(); try { wrt.GetResponse().Close(); } catch (WebException ex) { throw ex; } cookie = wrp.Headers.Get(“Set-Cookie”); return html; } public static string GetHtml(string URL, string postData, string cookie, out string header, string server) { return GetHtml(server, URL, postData, cookie, out header); } public static string GetHtml(string server, string URL, string postData, string cookie, out string header) { byte[] byteRequest = Encoding.GetEncoding(“gb2312”).GetBytes(postData); return GetHtml(server, URL, byteRequest, cookie, out header); } public static string GetHtml(string server, string URL, byte[] byteRequest, string cookie, out string header) { byte[] bytes = GetHtmlByBytes(server, URL, byteRequest, cookie, out header); Stream getStream = new MemoryStream(bytes); StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(getStream, Encoding.GetEncoding(“gb2312”)); string getString = streamReader.ReadToEnd(); streamReader.Close(); getStream.Close(); return getString; } /// /// Post模式浏览 /// /// 服务器地址 /// 网址 /// 流 /// cookie /// 句柄 /// public static byte[] GetHtmlByBytes(string server, string URL, byte[] byteRequest, string cookie, out string header) { long contentLength; HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest; HttpWebResponse webResponse; Stream getStream; httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL); CookieContainer co = new CookieContainer(); co.SetCookies(new Uri(server), cookie); httpWebRequest.CookieContainer = co; httpWebRequest.ContentType = “application/x-www-form-urlencoded”; httpWebRequest.Accept = “image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*”; httpWebRequest.Referer = server; httpWebRequest.UserAgent = “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; Maxthon; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)”; httpWebRequest.Method = “Post”; httpWebRequest.ContentLength = byteRequest.Length; Stream stream; stream = httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream(); stream.Write(byteRequest, 0, byteRequest.Length); stream.Close(); webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse(); header = webResponse.Headers.ToString(); getStream = webResponse.GetResponseStream(); contentLength = webResponse.ContentLength; byte[] outBytes = new byte[contentLength]; outBytes = ReadFully(getStream); getStream.Close(); return outBytes; } public static byte[] ReadFully(Stream stream) { byte[] buffer = new byte[128]; using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) { while (true) { int read = stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); if (read return ms.ToArray(); ms.Write(buffer, 0, read); } } } /// /// Get模式 /// /// 网址 /// cookies /// 句柄 /// 服务器 /// 服务器 /// public static string GetHtml(string URL, string cookie, out string header, string server) { return GetHtml(URL, cookie, out header, server, “”); } /// /// Get模式浏览 /// /// Get网址 /// cookie /// 句柄 /// 服务器地址 /// /// public static string GetHtml(string URL, string cookie, out string header, string server, string val) { HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest; HttpWebResponse webResponse; Stream getStream; StreamReader streamReader; string getString = “”; httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL); httpWebRequest.Accept = “*/*”; httpWebRequest.Referer = server; CookieContainer co = new CookieContainer(); co.SetCookies(new Uri(server), cookie); httpWebRequest.CookieContainer = co; httpWebRequest.UserAgent = “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; Maxthon; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)”; httpWebRequest.Method = “GET”; webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse(); header = webResponse.Headers.ToString(); getStream = webResponse.GetResponseStream(); streamReader = new StreamReader(getStream, Encoding.GetEncoding(“gb2312”)); getString = streamReader.ReadToEnd(); streamReader.Close(); getStream.Close(); return getString; } } } 本文地址: http://www.paobuke.com/develop/c-develop/pbk23338.html C#中HttpWebRequest的用法详解 标签:png round 分享图片 cep write family 日志 uri als 原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/paobuke/p/7989523.html
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