golang实现负载均衡算法
2021-05-03 16:27
标签:new 计算 浏览器 else 客户端 请求 结构 second UNC 启动服务 测试结果 原理:获取到所有节点的权重值,将weight个当前节点Index加到一个[]int,并随机从中获取一个index,例如: 上面的加权随机算法实现起来比较简单,但存在一个明显弊端,如果weight值的大小将直接影响切片大小,例如5:2 跟 50000:20000 本质上是一样的,但后者将占用更多的内存空间。因此我们需要对该算法做下优化,将N个节点权重计算出N个区间,然后取随机数rand(weightSum),看该数落在哪个区间就返回该区间对应的index值,举个例子: 下面是具体实现: 假设有ABC 3台机器,那么请求过来将按照ABCABC 这样的顺顺序将请求反向代理到后端服务器 原理是记录当前的index值,每次请求+1 取模(这里仅演示算法,未考虑线程安全问题,没有加锁) golang实现负载均衡算法 标签:new 计算 浏览器 else 客户端 请求 结构 second UNC 原文地址:https://blog.51cto.com/pmghong/2507022package main
import (
"fmt"
"log"
"net/http"
"os"
"os/signal"
"strconv"
"syscall"
"time"
)
type realServer struct {
Addr string
}
func (rs *realServer) HelloHandler(w http.ResponseWriter,r *http.Request){
data := fmt.Sprintf("[%s] http://%s%s \n\n",rs.Addr,rs.Addr,r.RequestURI)
w.Write([]byte(data))
}
func (rs *realServer) Run(){
fmt.Println("Http server tart to serve at :",rs.Addr)
mux := http.NewServeMux()
mux.HandleFunc("/",rs.HelloHandler)
server := &http.Server{
Addr: rs.Addr,
Handler: mux,
WriteTimeout: time.Second * 3,
}
go func(){
if err := server.ListenAndServe();err != nil{
log.Fatal("Start http server failed,err:",err)
}
}()
}
func main() {
doneCh := make(chan os.Signal)
for i:=0;i
2、反向代理代码框架
//
package httpServer
import (
"math/rand"
"time"
)
type HttpServer struct {
Host string
}
type LoadBalance struct {
Servers []*HttpServer
}
func NewLoadBalance()*LoadBalance{
return &LoadBalance{Servers:make([]*HttpServer,0)}
}
func NewHttpServer(host string)*HttpServer{
return &HttpServer{
Host:host,
}
}
func (lb *LoadBalance)Add(server *HttpServer){
lb.Servers = append(lb.Servers,server)
}
// server.go
package main
import (
"log"
"net/http"
"net/http/httputil"
"net/url"
. "gostudy/reverseProxyDemo/httpServer"
)
type ReveseProxyHandler struct {
}
func (rph *ReveseProxyHandler)ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter,r *http.Request){
lb := NewLoadBalance()
lb.Add(NewHttpServer("http://127.0.0.1:8080"))
lb.Add(NewHttpServer("http://127.0.0.1:8081"))
lb.Add(NewHttpServer("http://127.0.0.1:8082"))
lb.Add(NewHttpServer("http://127.0.0.1:8083"))
lb.Add(NewHttpServer("http://127.0.0.1:8084"))
url,err := url.Parse(lb.GetHttpServerByRandom().Host)
if err != nil {
log.Println("[ERR] url.Parse failed,err:",err)
return
}
proxy := httputil.NewSingleHostReverseProxy(url)
proxy.ServeHTTP(w,r)
}
func main() {
proxy := &ReveseProxyHandler{}
log.Println("Start to serve at 127.0.0.1:8888")
if err := http.ListenAndServe(":8888",proxy);err !=nil{
log.Fatal("Failed to start reverse proxy server ,err:",err)
}
}
3、随机负载均衡算法
// httpServer/reverseProxy.go
// 随机负载均衡
func (lb *LoadBalance)GetHttpServerByRandom()*HttpServer{
rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
index := rand.Intn(len(lb.Servers))
return lb.Servers[index]
}
$ for i in {0..9};do curl -s http://127.0.0.1:8888/reverseproxydemo?id=123;done
[127.0.0.1:8083] http://127.0.0.1:8083/reverseproxydemo?id=123
[127.0.0.1:8084] http://127.0.0.1:8084/reverseproxydemo?id=123
[127.0.0.1:8082] http://127.0.0.1:8082/reverseproxydemo?id=123
[127.0.0.1:8080] http://127.0.0.1:8080/reverseproxydemo?id=123
[127.0.0.1:8081] http://127.0.0.1:8081/reverseproxydemo?id=123
[127.0.0.1:8082] http://127.0.0.1:8082/reverseproxydemo?id=123
[127.0.0.1:8080] http://127.0.0.1:8080/reverseproxydemo?id=123
[127.0.0.1:8081] http://127.0.0.1:8081/reverseproxydemo?id=123
[127.0.0.1:8080] http://127.0.0.1:8080/reverseproxydemo?id=123
[127.0.0.1:8084] http://127.0.0.1:8084/reverseproxydemo?id=123
加权随机
A : B : C = 5:2:1 且ABC三个节点的Index分别为0,1,2,那么新建一个如下是切片:
[]int{0,0,0,0,0,1,1,2} ,然后通过rand(len([]int)) 随机拿到一个index// httpserver.go
type HttpServer struct {
Host string
Weight int
}
func NewHttpServer(host string,weight int)*HttpServer{
return &HttpServer{
Host:host,
Weight:weight,
}
}
// 加权随机
func (lb *LoadBalance)GetHttpServerByRandomWithWeight(httpServerArr []int)*HttpServer{
rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
index := rand.Intn(len(httpServerArr))
return lb.Servers[httpServerArr[index]]
}
// loadBalanceDemo/loadbalance.go
// 加权随机
var httpServerArr []int
for index,server := range lb.Servers{
if server.Weight > 0 {
for i:=0;i
加权随机算法优化版
假设A:B:C = 5:2:1
那么我们先计算出3个区间:5,7(5+2),8(5+2+1)
[0,5) [5,7) [7,8)
然后取rand(5+2+1),假设获取到的值为6,则落在[5,7) 这个区间,返回index=1
可以看出rand(7)随机数落在各个区间分布如下:
[0,5) : 0,1,2,3,4
[5,7) :5,6
[7,8) :7
正好是5:2:1// 加权随机优化版
func (lb *LoadBalance)GetHttpServerByRandomWithWeight2()*HttpServer{
rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
// 计算所有节点权重值之和
weightSum := 0
for i:=0;i
轮询算法
// loadbalance.go
// 由于每次请求需要保存当前的index值,所以使用全局变量lb,并在初始化函数中初始化lb实例
var lb *LoadBalance
func init(){
lb = NewLoadBalance()
}
// httpserver.go
// 结构体中加上当前index值
type LoadBalance struct {
Index int
Servers []*HttpServer
}
// 轮询
func (lb *LoadBalance)GetHttpServerByRoundRobin() *HttpServer{
server := lb.Servers[lb.Index]
lb.Index = (lb.Index + 1)% len(lb.Servers)
return server
}
加权轮询算法-切片算法
/ 加权轮询
func (lb *LoadBalance)GetHttpServerByRoundRobinWithWeight(indexArr []int) *HttpServer{
lb.Index = (lb.Index + 1)% len(indexArr)
fmt.Println(indexArr)
return lb.Servers[indexArr[lb.Index]]
}
package main
import (
"log"
"net/http"
"net/http/httputil"
"net/url"
. "loadBalanceDemo/httpServer"
)
type ReveseProxyHandler struct {
}
var lb *LoadBalance
var indexArr []int
func init(){
lb = NewLoadBalance()
lb.Add(NewHttpServer("http://127.0.0.1:8082",5))
lb.Add(NewHttpServer("http://127.0.0.1:8083",2))
lb.Add(NewHttpServer("http://127.0.0.1:8084",1))
// 加权轮询
indexArr = make([]int,0)
for index,server := range lb.Servers{
if server.Weight > 0{
for i:=0;i
加权轮询算法-区间算法
// 加权轮询区间算法
func (lb *LoadBalance)GetHttpServerByRoundRobinWithWeight2()*HttpServer{
server := lb.Servers[0]
sum := 0
for i:=0;i
ip_hash 算法
// ip_hash
// 对客户端IP 做hash 取模得到有一个固定的index,返回固定的httpserver
func (lb *LoadBalance)GetHttpServerByIpHash(ip string) *HttpServer{
index := int(crc32.ChecksumIEEE([]byte(ip))) % len(lb.Servers)
return lb.Servers[index]
}
// server.go
// ip_hash
// 传入客户端IP
url,err := url.Parse(lb.GetHttpServerByIpHash(r.RemoteAddr).Host)
url_hash 算法
// url_hash
url,err := url.Parse(lb.GetHttpServerByUrlHash(r.RequestURI).Host)
// url_hash
func (lb *LoadBalance) GetHttpServerByUrlHash(url string) *HttpServer{
index := int(crc32.ChecksumIEEE([]byte(url))) % len(lb.Servers)
return lb.Servers[index]
}
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