LPVOID VirtualAlloc(
  LPVOID lpAddress, //虚拟内存的地址
  DWORD dwSize, //虚拟内存大小
  DWORD flAllocationType,//要对这块的虚拟内存做何种操作 
  DWORD flProtect //虚拟内存的保护属性
); 

//保留并提交
    LPVOID pMem = VirtualAlloc(NULL, 4 * 4096, MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
    srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));

    float* pfMem = (float*)pMem;
    for (int i = 0; i 4 * 4096 / sizeof(float); i++)
    {
        pfMem[i] = rand();
    }

    //释放
    VirtualFree(pMem, 4 * 4096, MEM_RELEASE);

    //先保留再提交
    LPBYTE pByte = (LPBYTE)VirtualAlloc(NULL, 1024 * 1024, MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE);
    VirtualAlloc(pByte + 4 * 4096, 4096, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
    pfMem = (float*)(pByte + 4 * 4096);
    for (int i = 0; i 4096/sizeof(float); i++)
    {
        pfMem[i] = rand();
    }

    //释放
    VirtualFree(pByte + 4 * 4096, 4096, MEM_DECOMMIT);
    VirtualFree(pByte, 1024 * 1024, MEM_RELEASE);

//获得大页面的尺寸
DWORD dwLargePageSize = GetLargePageMinimum();
LPVOID pBuffer = VirtualAlloc(NULL, 64 * dwLargePageSize, MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE);
//提交大页面
VirtualAlloc(pBuffer, 4 * dwLargePageSize, MEM_COMMIT | MEM_LARGE_PAGES, PAGE_READWRITE);
VirtualFree(pBuffer, 4 * dwLargePageSize, MEM_DECOMMIT);
VirtualFree(pBuffer, 64 * dwLargePageSize, MEM_RELEASE);

BOOL VirtualProtect( 
  LPVOID lpAddress, //虚拟内存地址
  DWORD dwSize, //大小
  DWORD flNewProtect, //保护属性
  PDWORD lpflOldProtect //返回原来的保护属性
); 

LPVOID pBuffer = VirtualAlloc(NULL, 4 * 4096, MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
float *pfArray = (float*)pBuffer;
for (int i = 0; i 4 * 4096 / sizeof(float); i++)
{
    pfArray[i] = 1.0f * rand();
}

//将页面改为只读属性
DWORD dwOldProtect = 0;
VirtualProtect(pBuffer, 4 * 4096, PAGE_READONLY, &dwOldProtect);
//写入数据将发生异常
pfArray[9] = 0.1f;
VirtualFree(pBuffer, 4 * 4096, MEM_RELEASE);

DWORD VirtualQuery(
  LPCVOID lpAddress,//地址 
  PMEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION lpBuffer, //用于接收返回信息的指针
  DWORD dwLength //缓冲区大小，上述结构的大小
); 

typedef struct _MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION {
    PVOID BaseAddress; //该页面的起始地址
    PVOID AllocationBase;//分配给该页面的首地址
    DWORD AllocationProtect;//页面的保护属性
    DWORD RegionSize; //页面大小
    DWORD State;//页面状态
    DWORD Protect;//页面的保护类型

    DWORD Type;//页面类型
} MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION; 
typedef MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION *PMEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION; 

#include
#include 
#include 
#include 

CString GetMemoryInfo(MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION *pmi);
int _tmain(int argc, TCHAR *argv[])
{
    SYSTEM_INFO sm = {0};
    GetSystemInfo(&sm);
    LPVOID dwMinAddress = sm.lpMinimumApplicationAddress;
    LPVOID dwMaxAddress = sm.lpMaximumApplicationAddress;

    MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION mbi = {0};
    _putts(_T("BaseAddress\tAllocationBase\tAllocationProtect\tRegionSize\tState\tProtect\tType\n"));

    for (LPVOID pAddress = dwMinAddress; pAddress  dwMaxAddress;)
    {
        if (VirtualQuery(pAddress, &mbi, sizeof(MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION)) == 0)
        {
            break;
        }

        _putts(GetMemoryInfo(&mbi));
        //一般通过BaseAddress（页面基地址） + RegionSize（页面长度）来寻址到下一个页面的的位置
        pAddress = (BYTE*)mbi.BaseAddress + mbi.RegionSize;
    }

}

CString GetMemoryInfo(MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION *pmi)
{
    CString lpMemoryInfo = _T("");

    int iBaseAddress = (int)(pmi->BaseAddress);
    int iAllocationBase = (int)(pmi->AllocationBase);

    CString szProtected = _T("\0");
    if (pmi->Protect & PAGE_READONLY)
    {
        szProtected = _T("R");
    }else if (pmi->Protect & PAGE_READWRITE)
    {
        szProtected = _T("RW");
    }else if (pmi->Protect & PAGE_WRITECOPY)
    {
        szProtected = _T("WC");
    }else if (pmi->Protect & PAGE_EXECUTE)
    {
        szProtected = _T("X");
    }else if (pmi->Protect & PAGE_EXECUTE_READ)
    {
        szProtected = _T("RX");
    }else if (pmi->Protect & PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE)
    {
        szProtected = _T("RWX");
    }else if (pmi->Protect & PAGE_EXECUTE_WRITECOPY)
    {
        szProtected = _T("WCX");
    }else if (pmi->Protect & PAGE_GUARD)
    {
        szProtected = _T("GUARD");
    }else if (pmi->Protect & PAGE_NOACCESS)
    {
        szProtected = _T("NOACCESS");
    }else if (pmi->Protect & PAGE_NOCACHE)
    {
        szProtected = _T("NOCACHE");
    }else
    {
        szProtected = _T(" ");
    }

    CString szAllocationProtect = _T("\0");
    if (pmi->AllocationProtect & PAGE_READONLY)
    {
        szProtected = _T("R");
    }else if (pmi->AllocationProtect & PAGE_READWRITE)
    {
        szProtected = _T("RW");
    }else if (pmi->AllocationProtect & PAGE_WRITECOPY)
    {
        szProtected = _T("WC");
    }else if (pmi->AllocationProtect & PAGE_EXECUTE)
    {
        szProtected = _T("X");
    }else if (pmi->AllocationProtect & PAGE_EXECUTE_READ)
    {
        szProtected = _T("RX");
    }else if (pmi->AllocationProtect & PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE)
    {
        szProtected = _T("RWX");
    }else if (pmi->AllocationProtect & PAGE_EXECUTE_WRITECOPY)
    {
        szProtected = _T("WCX");
    }else if (pmi->AllocationProtect & PAGE_GUARD)
    {
        szProtected = _T("GUARD");
    }else if (pmi->AllocationProtect & PAGE_NOACCESS)
    {
        szProtected = _T("NOACCESS");
    }else if (pmi->AllocationProtect & PAGE_NOCACHE)
    {
        szProtected = _T("NOCACHE");
    }else
    {
        szProtected = _T(" ");
    }

    DWORD dwRegionSize = pmi->RegionSize;
    CString strState = _T("");
    if (pmi->State & MEM_FREE)
    {
        strState = _T("Free");
    }else if (pmi->State & MEM_RESERVE)
    {
        strState = _T("Reserve");
    }else if (pmi->State & MEM_COMMIT)
    {
        strState = _T("Commit");
    }else 
    {
        strState = _T(" ");
    }

    CString strType = _T("");
    if (pmi->Type & MEM_IMAGE)
    {
        strType = _T("Image");
    }else if (pmi->Type & MEM_MAPPED)
    {
        strType = _T("Mapped");
    }else if (pmi->Type & MEM_PRIVATE)
    {
        strType = _T("Private");
    }

    lpMemoryInfo.Format(_T("%08X %08X %s %d %s %s %s\n"), iBaseAddress, iAllocationBase, szAllocationProtect, dwRegionSize, strState, szProtected, strType);
    return lpMemoryInfo;
}

SetProcessWorkingSetSize(GetCurrentProcess(), 1024 * 1024, 2 * 1024 * 1024);
LPVOID pBuffer = VirtualAlloc(NULL, 4 * 4096, MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE);
//不能锁定超过进程工作集大小的虚拟内存
VirtualLock(pBuffer, 3 * 1024 * 1024);
//不能一次提交超过进程工作集大小的虚拟内存
VirtualAlloc(pBuffer, 3 * 1024 * 1024, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
float *pfArray = (float*)pBuffer;
for (int i = 0; i 4096 / sizeof(float); i++)
{
    pfArray[i] = 1.0f * rand();
}

VirtualUnlock(pBuffer, 4096);
VirtualFree(pBuffer, 4096, MEM_DECOMMIT);
VirtualFree(pBuffer, 4 * 4096, MEM_RELEASE);