标签:val for code 介绍 eem trie树 out ref 搜索
介绍
Trie树(又名字典树,前缀树)是一种多叉树,是一种专门处理字符串的数据结构,Trie树
示例图如下
保存的数据为单词列表[goods,good,gmail,grade,dog,cap,cook,map],应用场景有搜索提示
代码实现
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.TreeMap;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
/**
* 实现Trie树
*/
public class Trie {
/**
* 根节点,不存储数据
*/
private Node root;
public Trie() {
root = new Node(false);
}
/**
* 添加单词
*/
public void add(String word) {
Node cur = root;
char[] array = word.toCharArray();
for (char c : array) {
Map children = cur.children;
children.putIfAbsent(c, new Node(false));
cur = children.get(c);
}
cur.word = true;
}
/**
* 是否包含单词
*/
public boolean contains(String word) {
return contains(word, true);
}
/**
* 是否包含前缀
*/
public boolean prefixContains(String prefix) {
return contains(prefix, false);
}
/**
* 是否匹配单词,支持.匹配任意字符
*/
public boolean match(String word) {
return match(root, word, 0);
}
/**
* 查询所有以prefix为前缀的单词列表
*/
public List commonPrefixSearch(String prefix) {
Node cur = root;
List res = new ArrayList();
char[] array = prefix.toCharArray();
for (char c : array) {
Node node = cur.children.get(c);
if (node == null) {
return res;
}
cur = node;
}
commonPrefixSearch(res, new ArrayList(), cur);
return res.stream()
.map(x -> prefix + x)
.collect(Collectors.toList());
}
private void commonPrefixSearch(List res, List list, Node root) {
if (root.word) {
char[] arr = new char[list.size()];
for (int i = 0; i entry : root.children.entrySet()) {
list.add(entry.getKey());
commonPrefixSearch(res, list, entry.getValue());
list.remove(list.size() - 1);
}
}
private boolean match(Node root, String word, int index) {
if (index == word.length()) {
return root.word;
}
char c = word.charAt(index);
if (c != ‘.‘) {
Node node = root.children.get(c);
return node != null && match(node, word, index + 1);
} else {
//递归加回溯实现
for (Entry entry : root.children.entrySet()) {
if (match(entry.getValue(), word, index + 1)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
}
private boolean contains(String prefix, boolean word) {
Node cur = root;
char[] array = prefix.toCharArray();
for (char c : array) {
Node node = cur.children.get(c);
if (node == null) {
return false;
}
cur = node;
}
if (word) {
return cur.word;
} else {
return true;
}
}
private static class Node {
/**
* 表示当前节点是否是单词
*/
boolean word;
/**
* 孩子节点列表
*/
Map children;
Node(boolean word) {
this.word = word;
children = new TreeMap();
}
}
}
添加单词
/**
* 添加单词
*/
public void add(String word) {
Node cur = root;
char[] array = word.toCharArray();
for (char c : array) {
Map children = cur.children;
children.putIfAbsent(c, new Node(false));
cur = children.get(c);
}
cur.word = true;
}
添加good单词,添加之后的树结构为
再添加一个单词gmail
查找
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Trie trie = new Trie();
trie.add("goods");
trie.add("good");
trie.add("google");
trie.add("gmail");
trie.add("grade");
trie.add("gender");
System.out.println(trie.commonPrefixSearch("goo"));
}
}
我们查找以goo为前缀的单词,查询结果为
[good, goods, google]
总结
Trie树在查找字符串公共前缀相关问题时可以有很高的效率。
java实现Trie树
标签:val for code 介绍 eem trie树 out ref 搜索
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/strongmore/p/14224883.html