Python接口测试——Requests库的基本使用
2020-12-13 04:10
标签：ram 格式 信息 bin pre urlencode 状态 获取 serve 使用pip安装命令： 打开cmd，输入python然后导入requests如果安装成功没有任何提示 如果提示如下则说明安装失败 requests库内置了不同的方法来发送不同类型的http请求，用法如下所示： 执行结果，200是状态码表示发送请求成功 参数传递 传递URL参数 一般在GET请i去中使用字符串（query string）来进行参数传递，在requests库中使用方法如下： 执行结果 在post请求中，一般参数都在请求体（Request body）中传递，在Requests中用法如下： 执行结果 如果你想为请求添加HTTP头部，只要简单传递一个dict给headers参数就可以了。 返回值 当请求发送成功之后，我们可以获取响应内容。如响应状态码，响应头信息，响应体内容 返回值 Python接口测试——Requests库的基本使用 标签：ram 格式 信息 bin pre urlencode 状态 获取 serve 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/youngleesin/p/11105132.htmlRequests安装
pip install requests
ImportError: No module named ‘requests‘
Requests 基础应用
发送不同类型HTTP请求
import requests
base_url = "http://httpbin.org"
# 发生GET类型请求
r_get = requests.get(base_url + "/get")
print(r_get.status_code)
# 发生POST类型请求
r_post = requests.post(base_url + "/post")
print(r_post.status_code)
# 发生PUT类型请求
r_put = requests.put(base_url + "/put")
print(r_put.status_code)
# 发生DELETE类型请求
r_delete = requests.delete(base_url + "/delete")
print(r_delete.status_code)
200
200
200
200
param_data = {‘hero‘: ‘leesin‘}
r_data = requests.get(base_url + ‘/get‘, params=param_data)
print(r_data.url)
print(r_data.status_code)
http://httpbin.org/get?hero=leesin
200
传递body参数
form_data = {‘hero‘: ‘leesin‘}
r_body = requests.post(base_url + ‘/post‘, data=form_data)
print(r_body.text)
{
"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {
"hero": "leesin"
},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Content-Length": "11",
"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "python-requests/2.22.0"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "61.144.173.21, 61.144.173.21",
"url": "https://httpbin.org/post"
}
请求头定制
用法如下：form_data = {‘hero‘: ‘leesin‘}
header = {‘user-agent‘: ‘Mozilla/5.0‘}
r_headers = requests.post(base_url + ‘/post‘, data=form_data, headers=header)
print(r_headers.text)
{
"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {
"hero": "leesin"
},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Content-Length": "11",
"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "61.144.173.21, 61.144.173.21",
"url": "https://httpbin.org/post"
}
响应内容
form_data = {‘hero‘: ‘leesin‘}
header = {‘user-agent‘: ‘Mozilla/5.0‘}
r_response = requests.post(base_url + ‘/post‘, data=form_data, headers=header)
# 获取响应状态码
print(r_response.status_code)
# 获取响应头信息
print(r_response.headers)
# 获取响应内容
print(r_response.text)
# 将响应内容以json格式返回
print(r_response.json())
200
{‘Access-Control-Allow-Credentials‘: ‘true‘, ‘Access-Control-Allow-Origin‘: ‘*‘, ‘Content-Encoding‘: ‘gzip‘, ‘Content-Type‘: ‘application/json‘, ‘Date‘: ‘Fri, 28 Jun 2019 14:38:09 GMT‘, ‘Referrer-Policy‘: ‘no-referrer-when-downgrade‘, ‘Server‘: ‘nginx‘, ‘X-Content-Type-Options‘: ‘nosniff‘, ‘X-Frame-Options‘: ‘DENY‘, ‘X-XSS-Protection‘: ‘1; mode=block‘, ‘Content-Length‘: ‘258‘, ‘Connection‘: ‘keep-alive‘}
{
"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {
"hero": "leesin"
},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Content-Length": "11",
"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "61.144.173.21, 61.144.173.21",
"url": "https://httpbin.org/post"
}
{‘args‘: {}, ‘data‘: ‘‘, ‘files‘: {}, ‘form‘: {‘hero‘: ‘leesin‘}, ‘headers‘: {‘Accept‘: ‘*/*‘, ‘Accept-Encoding‘: ‘gzip, deflate‘, ‘Content-Length‘: ‘11‘, ‘Content-Type‘: ‘application/x-www-form-urlencoded‘, ‘Host‘: ‘httpbin.org‘, ‘User-Agent‘: ‘Mozilla/5.0‘}, ‘json‘: None, ‘origin‘: ‘61.144.173.21, 61.144.173.21‘, ‘url‘: ‘https://httpbin.org/post‘}